Living in another Country

Journal#2, Week 3 for Mira Karina

Living in another Country

            Living in another country is always to be my dream. My country is Indonesia. The first overseas country that I visit to live is Unites States of America, particularly Tempe in Arizona State. Living in Arizona for me is a great chance to learn more from other people. Here, in Arizona I learn American English and Culture Program (AECP) at Arizona State University for just around two months. I meet many people of almost all over the world. I have nice teachers and friends. I stay with nice and very kind American host family. Living in America will be the best experience for me to enrich my English proficiency and giving thank very much to God for all thing here. There are two things that I can tell about my experience in Arizona.

For American culture, there are several things that I am surprised of American people that I never know before. American people like to say ‘Thank You or Thanks’. It is impressive for me. For example, in the bus, when the passengers got off from the bus, they said ‘Thanks’ to the driver. It’s rarely in Indonesia, right? I thought American people were not good as that, but when I saw that, I was so impressed. In the bus, there was also special place for wheelchair people. The driver will help the person to get in to the bus. Another thing is people driving car allow pedestrian to cross the street before them. I rarely find it in Indonesia. One more thing that I can summarize from habit of American people (from buses that I take) is that they admit the freedom of someone but do not disturb other people’s freedom.

I met many Arabic people at the university. I was surprised. I never thought that many moeslems from Saudi Arabia and United Emirate Arab came to US to study. Many of them were rich. They were funded by their countries to study abroad. Oh my God, how lucky they were.

I also met many moeslems from Africa. Mostly, they were from Somalia. I had a female friend from Somalia. She moved to Arizona several years ago because of the civil war in Somalia. She said that most people in Somalia were Islam. I do not really know why they preferred to move to US. I met many moeslim Somalia in Tempe, even I had a neighbor from Somalia. The family was very rich here. I am still wondering why they chose US.

            Food is always my big problem when I am far from my house. I like only Indonesian food or at least Asian food. However, I start to eat Mexican food here because my host family is Mexican family.

In conclusion, living in another country will give me many benefits such as to know the good thing that I may apply in my country and to make me know the food of other country and try to like it.

           

           

English Learning Tips

Hi friends!

English learners and lovers!!

How are you, guys?

Kita mau bagi-bagi tips belajar bahasa Inggris nih, buat kamu-kamu yang lagi bingung gimana cara meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa Inggris-mu. Ini nih tips-nya, baca, resapi dan amalkan, ya guys. J

1.     Vocabulary

Ini yang paling sering ditanya sama teman-teman. Gimana kak caranya memperbanyak kosakata bahasa Inggris kita? Apa kakak menghapal? Jujur, kalau saya tidak suka menghafal kosakata, tapi ini nih cara saya memperbanyak kosakata.

a.     Dari lagu

Berdasarkan pengalaman nih guys, saya bisa dapat banyak kosakata dari lagu. Kalian semua suka denger lagu bahasa Inggris kan?? Nah, lagunya itu kalian cari liriknya, terus kalian terjemahin deh kata-kata yang kalian tidak tahu. Dengan seringnya mendengar lagu itu, otomatis kalian akan selalu ingat atau bahkan hafal dengan kata itu. Buka-buka lagi kamusnya kalau lagi lupa artinya.

b.    Baca text bahasa Inggris

Jangan bosan baca ya guys. Cari kata-kata sulit di text tersebut, cari artinya dan jangan berhenti di situ aja, gunakan ke kalimat yang baru. Gunakan dalam keseharian.

c.      Nonton film

Kalau lagi nonton film Barat, jangan hanya lihat terjemahannya doank ya guys, tapi perhatikan juga apa yang diucapkan.

2.     Grammar (Tata Bahasa)

Ini nih permasalahan selanjutnya. Ada yang beranggapan bahwa grammar itu cuma tenses aja, dan ada pula yang beranggapan bahwa grammar itu tidak penting. Yang penting bisa ngomong. Eit.. eit.. siapa bilang…?? Kalau salah grammar-nya bisa-bisa salah pengertian…. Misalnya nich, teman-teman mau bilang ‘Saya suka kucing’, kamu tulis ‘I am like cat’. Nah… itu salah besar… seharusnya teman tulis ‘I like cat’. Kalau kalimat yang pertama berarti ‘Saya seperti kucing’. Duh! Parah kan??!!

Belajar grammar bisa dari buku-buku. Kalau teman baru pemula, mulailah dengan grammar yang sederhana dulu. Misalnya bagaimana pola kalimat kepemilikan dalam bahasa Inggris. Teman-teman juga bisa menganalisa kalimat kalimat yang ada di text, pasti kalimat itu ada polanya, dan polanya nggak jauh dari:

Subject + Verb / to be + object (Complement).

Nggak jauh beda seperti pola kalimat dalam bahasa Indonesia, yaitu:

Subjek + Predikat + Objek

Nah, kemudian teman-teman bisa mencoba merangkai kata-kata. Adapun tenses itu mempermudah kalian untuk membuat kalimat yang menerangkan waktu tertentu. Dalam bahasa Inggris, antara kalimat yang menerangkan masa lampau (past), masa sekarang (present) dan masa depan (future) itu berbeda. Contohnya:

Past

I went to campus by bike yesterday.

Present

I go to campus every morning.

Future

I will go to campus tomorrow.

Teman-teman juga bisa cari games tentang grammar di internet, banyak kok.

3.     Speaking

Nah…ini nih yang skill sangat dibutuhkan oleh kebanyakan English learners. Dan tidak bisa dipungkiri juga, kebanyakan orang menilai kita udah good at English atau belum dilihat dari speaking. Berikut adalah tips in speaking English:

a.     Pronunciation

Bagi kita yang bukan native speaker of English, kita bisa berusaha untuk meniru cara pengucapan mereka, at least supaya orang yang mendengar kita berbicara bisa mengerti apa yang kita maksudkan. Salah pronunciation, bisa jadi salah arti.

Ada beberapa cara yang bisa teman-teman lakukan untuk memperbaiki pronunciation.

ü  Listening to music

Ketika teman-teman listening to music, seperti juga dalam point vocabulary, teman-teman bisa listen to songs sambil melihat liriknya, nah perhatikan dan dengarkan cara si penyanyi pronounce the words. Tiru cara si penyanyi pronounce the words.

ü  Watching movie

Sambil nonton, dengerin yah cara mereka pronounce words. Imitate then.

ü  Pelajari symbol-simbol phonetics-nya

Nah ini lebih mudah bagi teman-teman yang udah belajar phonetics. Teman-teman bahkan bisa pronounce the words hanya dengan melihat symbol-simbol cara pronunciation-nya di kamus.

b.    Practice makes perfect

Nggak ada yang instant dalam belajar bahasa. Semakin sering berlatih, semakin bagus hasilnya. Namanya juga dalam proses pembelajaran, jadi jangan malu kalau salah. J

                  

4.     Listening

Saya dulu mengira bahwa saya tidak perlu banyak-banyak mendengar percakapan atau audio dalam berbahasa Inggris. Waktu itu saya pikir soal listening yang keluar dalam tes bahasa Inggris akan berbeda dengan apa yang biasa saya dengar. Tapi, setelah ke Amerika, saya baru menyadari bahwa sangat penting bagi saya untuk melatih listening, yaitu dengan membiasakan mendengarkan audio berbahasa Inggris. You have to do that to improve your listening skill guys. It really works. 

Nah, guys, itu sekilas informasi dan tips bagi kalian yang mau memperbaiki kemampuan bahasa Inggris kalian. Semoga bermanfaat bagi kalian semua.

REMEMBER!!!

LEARNING NEEDS PROCESS.

Written by:

MK (Alumni of English Education Study Program STAIN SAS Babel)

English Grammar

ENGLISH GRAMMAR

TENSES

1.      PRESENT TENSE

a.       Simple Present Tense

Simple Present tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan kegiatan atau pekerjaan yang dilakukan berulang-ulang atau kebiasaan (kegiatan sehari-hari-daily activity) dan kebenaran yang umum (general truth).

Rumus untuk kalimat yang menggunakan simple present tense adalah:

1)      Type 1

UNTUK SUBJECT (PELAKU) I, YOU, WE, THEY

·         Kalimat positif:

Subject (I, YOU, WE, THEY) + Verb1 (kata kerja ke 1) + complement (pelengkap)

·         Kalimat negatif:

Subject (I, YOU, WE, THEY) + DO NOT + Verb 1 + complement

·         Kalimat tanya:

Do + Subject + Verb 1 + complement

                            

Kalimat tanya dengan menggunakan W+H Question:

W+H Question + do + subject + Verb 1 + complement

Examples:

·         Kalimat positif:

They always play badminton at 7 am.

(mereka selalu bermain bulutangkis pada jam 7.)

·         Kalimat negatif:

They do not always play badminton at 7 am.

(mereka tidak ...............................................)

·         Kalimat tanya:

ü  Do they always play badminton at 7 am? Yes, they do.

(apakah mereka selalu..................................)

Pertanyaan di atas membutuhkan jawaban yes or no. It is called yes no question.

ü  What do they always do/play at 7 am?

(apa yang selalu mereka lakukan/mainkan pada jam 7?)

      The question above needs explanation, not yes or no answer.

List of frequency adverbs (kata keterangan waktu) usually used in simple present tense:

Nb.	Word	Meaning
1.	Always	Selalu
2.	Usually	Biasanya
3.	Often	Sering
4.	Sometimes	Kadang-kadang
5.	Seldom	Jarang
6.	Rarely	Jarang
7.	Never	Tidak pernah

UNTUK SUBJECT HE, SHE, IT

·         Positive Sentence:

Subject (HE, SHE, IT) + Verb1 + S/ES+ complement

·         Negative Sentence:

Subject (HE, SHE, IT) + DOES NOT + Verb 1 + complement

·         Interrogative Sentence:

Does + Subject + Verb 1 + complement

Kalimat tanya dengan menggunakan W+H Question:

W+H Question + does + subject + Verb 1 + complement

Examples:

·         Positive:

She likes her pet very much.

·         Negative:

She does not like her pet very much.

·         Interrogative:

ü  Does she like her pet very much? Yes, she does atau no, she doesn’t.

ü  Why does she like her pet very much?

Perubahan kata kerja untuk subject he, she, it dalam simple present tense:

Nb.	Words	Changing	Meaning
1.	Visit Answer Speak Talk Read Eat Feed	Visits Aswers Speaks Talks  Reads Eats  Feeds	Mengunjungi Menjawab Berbicara Berbicara Membaca Makan Memberi makan
2.	Hope Writes  Like Hate Rise	Hopes Writes Likes Hates Rises	Berharap Menulis  Suka Benci Terbit
3.	Happen Occur Sleep	Happens Occurs Sleeps	Terjadi Terjadi Tidur
4.	Catch Wash Pass Fix Buzz	Catches Washes Passes Fixes Buzzes	Menangkap Mencuci Melewati Memperbaiki
5.	Do Go Have	Does Goes Has	Mengerjakan Pergi Mempunyai
6.	Study Try Cry	Studies Tries  Cries	Belajar Mencoba Menangis
7.	Pay Buy Play Say	Pays Buys Plays Says	Membayar Membeli Bermain Berkata

More examples:

o   The sun rises in the north.

(Matahari terbit di sebelah timur)

o   The students usually go to school by bus.

2)      Type 2

·         Positive Sentence:

Subject + TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + complement.

·         Negative Sentence:

Subject  + TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + not + complement

·         Interrogative sentence:

ü  TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + S   + complement?

Kalimat tanya dengan menggunakan W+H Question:

ü  W+H Question + does + subject + Verb 1 + complement?

Notes:

Nb.	Subject (S)	To be (kata bantu)	Meaning
1.	I	Am	Saya
2.	You	Are	Kamu, kalian
3.	We	Are	Kami, kita
4.	They	Are	Mereka
5.	He	Is	Dia (uncle, father, Yusuf, Ali, Policeman)
6.	She	Is	Dia (aunt, mother, Zulaikha, Fathimah, Policewoman)
7.	It	Is	Dia (Pen, book, pet, cat, door)

Examples:

·         Positive Sentence:

She is hungry.

(Dia lapar)

·         Negative Sentence:

She is not hungry.

(Dia tidak lapar)

·         Interrogative sentence:

Is she hungry? Yes, she is atau no, she isn’t.

The question above needs (membutuhkan) jawaban yes or no answer.

Kalimat tanya dengan menggunakan W+H Question:

Why is she hungry?

Why are you sad (sedih)?

Kata pelengkap (complement) untuk dipakai setelah to be bisa jadi adverb (kata keterangan), adjective (kata sifat) atau noun (kata benda).

List of words

Nb.	Part of speech	Word	Meaning
1.	Adjective	Big Small Thin Pretty Beautiful Smart Rich	Besar Kecil Kurus Cantik Indah Pintar Kaya
2.	Adverb	In the class At the beach In Pangkal Pinang Here There Above Outside Inside Quickly Easily	Di dalam kelas Di pantai Di Pangkal Pinang Di sini Di sana Di atas Di luar Di dalam Dengan cepat Dengan mudah
3.	Noun	Book Person Animal Vehicle Job Flower Score Food Fruit	Buku Orang Binatang Kendaraan Pekerjaan Bunga Skor Makanan Buah-buahan

Examples:

That is a very good car (mobil).

They are very smart.

The elephant (gajah) is big.

Why are you here? I am a teacher here.

Where are they? They are in the class.

Is he thin? No, she is not. She is fat.

b.      Present progressive (continuous) tense

Present progressive (continuous) tense is used to express pekerjaan atau kegiatan yang sedang dilakukan atau sedang berlangsung.

Rumus untuk merangkai kalimat dalam bentuk present continuous tense is:

a)      Positive sentence:

S + to be + Verb + ing + complement

e.g:

We are reading books in the library.

(Kami sedang membaca buku di perpus.)

b)      Negative sentence:

S + to be + not + Verb + ing + complement

e.g:

We are not reading books in the library.

c)      Interrogative sentence:

To be + S + Verb + ing + complement

e.g:

Are we reading books in the library?

The other examples:

What are you doing?

Who are you waiting for?

(Kamu menunggu siapa?)

List of verbs for continuous tense

Nb.	Verb	V+ing	Meaning
1.	Read Apply Watch Call Go Cry Sing Play	Reading Applying Watching Calling Going Crying Singing Playing	Membaca Menggunakan Menonton Memanggil Pergi Menangis Menyanyi Bermain
2.	Write Prepare Give Make Drive Shine	Writing Preparing Giving Making Driving Shining	Menulis Menyiapkan Memberi Membuat Mengendarai Bersinar
3.	Cut Sit Get Put Jog Swim	Cutting Sitting Getting Putting Jogging Swimming	Memotong Duduk Mendapatkan Meletakkan Berlari keci; Berenang
4.	Occur Begin Submit	Occuring Beginning Submitting	Terjadi Memulai Mengumpulkan
5.	Cancel Control Expel	Cancelling Controlling Expelling	Membatalkan Mengawasi Menghembuskan
6.	Die Tie Lie	Dying Tying Lying	Meninggal Mengikat Berbohong

But, there are verbs that cannot be changed into v+ing. Ada beberapa kata kerja yang tidak bisa dirubah ke dalam bentuk v+ing:

Verb	Meaning
Hear See Believe Understand Know Be Exist Own Possess Belong Need Want Prefer Like Hate Love Forget Remember Have	Mendengar Melihat Percaya Mengerti Mengetahui Ada Ada Memiliki Memiliki Milik Butuh Ingin Lebih suka Suka Benci Cinta Lupa, melupakan Ingat Memiliki

c.       Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense is used to express kejadian yang terjadi pada waktu yang tidak tertentu di masa lampau.

1)      Verbal Sentence

Untuk Subject I, YOU, WE, THEY

·         + Sentence:

Subject + HAVE + VERB 3 + Complement

e.g:

You have arrived at my house just now.

(Kamu baru saja tiba di rumah saya.)

·         - Sentence:

Subject + have not + verb 3 + complement

e.g:                                   

I have not arrived at my house yet.

(Saya belum sampai di rumah saya.)

·         ? Sentence:

Have + subject + verb 3 + complement?

Have you arrived at your house? No, I haven’t.

Apakah kamu sudah tiba di rumahmu?

Other examples:

What have you done?

Apa yang telah kamu lakukan?

Who has ever gone to Semarang?

Siapa yang sudah pernah ke Semarang?

I have studied at STAIN since 2008.

I’ve just phoned her.

(Saya baru saja menelponnya).

Untuk Subject He, She, It

(+) sentence:

Subect + has + verb 3 + complement

e.g:

She has already got married.

Dia sudah menikah.

(-) Sentence:

Subject + has not + verb 3 + complement

e.g:

She has not got married yet.

Dia belum menikah.

(?) Sentence:

Has + subject + verb 3 + complement?

e.g:

Has she moved to Jakarta? Yes, she has.

Apakah dia sudah pindah ke Jakarta? Ya, dia telah pindah.

Other examples:

The teacher has abandoned the school for three weeks.

Guru itu telah meninggalkan sekolah itu selama tiga minggu.

2)      Nominal sentence

Untuk Subject I, YOU, WE, THEY

(+): S + have + been + complement

(-): S + have + not been + complement

(?): Have + S + been + complement?

e.g:

We have been here for three days.

Kami telah ada di sini selama tiga hari.

Untuk Subject SHE, HE, IT

S + has + been + complement

e.g:

He has been a doctor since 2007.

d)     Present Perfect Continous Tense

Bentuk tense yang menjelaskan kejadian yang telah berlangsung dan masih berlangsung sampai sekarang.

(+): S + have/has + been + verb 1+ ing + complement

(-): S + have/has + not been + verb 1 + ing + complement

(?): Have/has + S + been + verb 1 + ing + complement?

e.g:

I have been waiting for you for three hours.

(saya telah menunggumu selama 3 jam)

2.      PAST TENSE

a)      Simple past tense

Simple Past tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kejadian pada masa lampau.

Verbal sentence:

(+): S + verb 2 + complement

(-): S + did not + verb 1 + complement

(?): Did + S + verb 1 + complement?

Examples:

(+): My brother gave me a lot of money yesterday.

(-): My brother did not give me a lot of money yesterday.

(?): Did my brother give me a lot of money yesterday?

What did you do yesterday?? (Apa yang kamu lakukan kemarin?)

Adverb of time used in past tense:

Yesterday, last year, last....., two days ago,......ago, in 1990 (year).

Nominal sentence:

·         (+): S (I, He, She, It) + was + complement

(-): S + was not + complement

(?): Was + S + complement?

·         (+): S (You, We, They) + were complement

(-): S + were not + complement

(?): Were + S + complement?

Examples:

It was my book.

You were not happy.

Why were you absent (tidak hadir) yesterday?

I was absent because I couldn’t (tidak bisa) get any car.

b)      Past continuous tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung pada masa lampau ketika kejadian yang lain juga berlangsung.

Form:

S + to be (was/were) + Ving+ complement

e.g:

I was sleeping when you came to my house.

They were jogging while their mother was cooking.

3.      FUTURE TENSE

a)      Simple future tense

Simple future tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kejadian/pekerjaan/kegiatan yang akan dilakukan pada masa yang akan datang.

Rumus:

Verbal sentence:

(+): S + will + verb 1 + complement

(-): S + will not (won’t) + verb 1 + complement

(?): Will + S + verb 1 + complement?

e.g:

I will go as I want.

Saya akan pergi sesuai dengan keinginan saya.

Nominal sentence:

(+): S + will be + complement

(-): S + will not (won’t) be + complement

(?): Will + S+ be + complement?

She will be a famous singer.

Will she be a famous singer?

TO BE GOING TO

Digunakan untuk mengungkapkan pekerjaan atau kegiatan yang benar-benar akan dilakukan.

(+): S + to be + going to + verb 1 + complement

(-): S + to be + not + going to + verb 1 + complement

(?): to be + S + going to + verb 1 + complement?

e.g:

We are going to have lunch after this lesson.

Kami akan segera makan siang setelah pelajaran ini.

Informal form:

We’re gonna leave now.

(kami akan segera berangkat sekarang.)

b)      Past future tense

Digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kegiatan/pekerjaan/kejadian yang akan dilakukan pada masa lampau.

Form:

Verbal sentence:

(+): S + would + V1+ complement

(-): S + would not + V1 + complement

(?): Would + S + V1 + complement?

e.g:

If I were you, I would let him go.

Jika saya kamu, saya akan membiarkannya pergi.

Nominal sentence:

(+): S + would be + complement

(-): S + would not + be + complement

(?): Would + S + be + complement?

e.g:

You would not be like this if you followed my suggestion.

(kamu tak akan jadi seperti ini jika kamu mengikuti nasehat saya.)

What would you do if you were in that condition?

(apa yang akan kamu lakukan jika kamu berada dalam kondisi itu?)

More Information:

Ada banyak mobil yang sedang parkir di depan kampus.....

Apa ya in English??

Ada: there

Banyak: a lot of

Mobil: car → cars (banyak mobil)

Sedang parkir: parking

Di depan kampus: in front of campus

Mari kita susun by using simple present tense.

S + TO BE + Complement

There are a lot parking cars in front of campus.

Menggunakan are karena car-nya jamak (cars).

Daftar Perubahan Kata Kerja

Nb.	Verb 1	Verb 2	Verb 3	Meaning
1.	Cook Watch Try Play Copy Invite Request Order Allow Reach	Cooked Watched Tried Played Copied Invited Requested Ordered Allowed Reached	Cooked Watched Tried Played Copied Invited Requested Ordered Allowed Reached	Memasak Menonton Mencoba Bermain Mengkopi Mengundang Memohon Memerintahkan Mengizinkan  Mencapai
2.	Sleep Sweep Read Write Let Tell Drive Eat Swim Understand Go Drink Have Speak Forget Hurt Get	Slept Swept Read Wrote Let Told Drove Ate Swam Understood Went Drank Had  Spoke Forgot Hurt Got	Slept Swept Read Written Let Told Driven Eaten Swum Understood Gone Drunk Had Spoken Forgotten Hurt Got/gotten	Tidur Menyapu Membaca Menulis Membiarkan Menceritakan Mengendarai Makan Berenang Mengerti Pergi Minum Memiliki Berbicara Lupa Melukai Mendapatkan